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 One of the brightest, most tragic movie stars of Hollywood's Golden Era, Judy Garland was a much-loved character whose warmth and spirit, along with her rich and exuberant voice, kept theatre-goers entertained with an array of delightful musicals.She was born Frances Ethel Gumm on 10 June 1922 in Minnesota, the youngest daughter of vaudevillians Ethel Marian (Milne) and Francis Avent "Frank" Gumm. She was of English, along with some Scottish and Irish, descent. Her mother, an ambitious woman gifted in playing various musical instruments, saw the potential in her daughter at the tender age of just 2 years old when Baby Frances repeatedly sang "Jingle Bells" until she was dragged from the stage kicking and screaming during one of their Christmas shows and immediately drafted her into a dance act, entitled "The Gumm Sisters," along with her older sisters Mary Jane Gumm and Virginia Gumm. However, knowing that her youngest daughter would eventually become the biggest star, Ethel soon took Frances out of the act and together they traveled across America where she would perform in nightclubs, cabarets, hotels and theaters solo.Her family life was not a happy one, largely because of her mother's drive for her to succeed as a performer and also her father's closeted homosexuality. The Gumm family would regularly be forced to leave town owing to her father's illicit affairs with other men, and from time to time they would be reduced to living out of their automobile. However, in September 1935 the Gumms', in particular Ethel's, prayers were answered when Frances was signed by Louis B. Mayer, mogul of leading film studio MGM, after hearing her sing. It was then that her name was changed from Frances Gumm to Judy Garland, after a popular '30s song "Judy" and film critic Robert Garland.Tragedy soon followed, however, in the form of her father's death of meningitis in November 1935. Having been given no assignments with the exception of singing on radio, Judy faced the threat of losing her job following the arrival of Deanna Durbin. Knowing that they couldn't keep both of the teenage singers, MGM devised a short entitled Every Sunday (1936) which would be the girls' screen test. However, despite being the outright winner and being kept on by MGM, Judy's career did not officially kick off until she sang one of her most famous songs, "You Made Me Love You," at Clark Gable's birthday party in February 1937, during which Louis B. Mayer finally paid attention to the talented songstress.Prior to this her film debut in Pigskin Parade (1936), in which she played a teenage hillbilly, had left her career hanging in the balance. However, following her rendition of "You Made Me Love You," MGM set to work preparing various musicals with which to keep Judy busy. All this had its toll on the young teenager, and she was given numerous pills by the studio doctors in order to combat her tiredness on set. Another problem was her weight fluctuation, but she was soon given amphetamines in order to give her the desired streamlined figure. This soon produced the downward spiral that resulted in her lifelong drug addiction.In 1939, Judy shot immediately to stardom with The Wizard of Oz (1939), in which she portrayed Dorothy, an orphaned girl living on a farm in the dry plains of Kansas who gets whisked off into the magical world of Oz on the other end of the rainbow. Her poignant performance and sweet delivery of her signature song, 'Over The Rainbow,' earned Judy a special juvenile Oscar statuette on 29 February 1940 for Best Performance by a Juvenile Actor. Now growing up, Judy began to yearn for meatier adult roles instead of the virginal characters she had been playing since she was 14. She was now taking an interest in men, and after starring in her final juvenile performance in Ziegfeld Girl (1941) alongside glamorous beauties Lana Turner and Hedy Lamarr, Judy got engaged to bandleader David Rose in May 1941, just two months after his divorce from Martha Raye. Despite planning a big wedding, the couple eloped to Las Vegas and married during the early hours of the morning on July 28, 1941 with just her mother Ethel and her stepfather Will Gilmore present. However, their marriage went downhill as, after discovering that she was pregnant in November 1942, David and MGM persuaded her to abort the baby in order to keep her good-girl image up. She did so and, as a result, was haunted for the rest of her life by her 'inhumane actions.' The couple separated in January 1943.By this time, Judy had starred in her first adult role as a vaudevillian during WWI in For Me and My Gal (1942). Within weeks of separation, Judy was soon having an affair with actor Tyrone Power, who was married to French actress Annabella. Their affair ended in May 1943, which was when her affair with producer Joseph L. Mankiewicz kicked off. He introduced her to psychoanalysis and she soon began to make decisions about her career on her own instead of being influenced by her domineering mother and MGM. Their affair ended in November 1943, and soon afterward Judy reluctantly began filming Meet Me in St. Louis (1944), which proved to be a big success. The director Vincente Minnelli highlighted Judy's beauty for the first time on screen, having made the period musical in color, her first color film since The Wizard of Oz (1939). He showed off her large brandy-brown eyes and her full, thick lips and after filming ended in April 1944, a love affair resulted between director and actress and they were soon living together.Vincente began to mold Judy and her career, making her more beautiful and more popular with audiences worldwide. He directed her in The Clock (1945), and it was during the filming of this movie that the couple announced their engagement on set on January 9, 1945. Judy's divorce from David Rose had been finalized on June 8, 1944 after almost three years of marriage, and despite her brief fling with Orson Welles, who at the time was married to screen sex goddess Rita Hayworth, on June 15, 1945 Judy made Vincente her second husband, tying the knot with him that afternoon at her mother's home with her boss Louis B. Mayer giving her away and her best friend Betty Asher serving as bridesmaid. They spent three months on honeymoon in New York and afterwards Judy discovered that she was pregnant.On March 12, 1946 in Los Angeles, California, Judy gave birth to their daughter, Liza Minnelli, via cesarean section. It was a joyous time for the couple, but Judy was out of commission for weeks due to the cesarean and her postnatal depression, so she spent much of her time recuperating in bed. She soon returned to work, but married life was never the same for Vincente and Judy after they filmed The Pirate (1948) together in 1947. Judy's mental health was fast deteriorating and she began hallucinating things and making false accusations toward people, especially her husband, making the filming a nightmare. She also began an affair with aspiring Russian actor Yul Brynner, but after the affair ended, Judy soon regained health and tried to salvage her failing marriage. She then teamed up with dancing legend Fred Astaire for the delightful musical Easter Parade (1948), which resulted in a successful comeback despite having Vincente fired from directing the musical. Afterwards, Judy's health deteriorated and she began the first of several suicide attempts. In May 1949, she was checked into a rehabilitation center, which caused her much distress.She soon regained strength and was visited frequently by her lover Frank Sinatra, but never saw much of Vincente or Liza. On returning, Judy made In the Good Old Summertime (1949), which was also Liza's film debut, albeit via an uncredited cameo. She had already been suspended by MGM for her lack of cooperation on the set of The Barkleys of Broadway (1949), which also resulted in her getting replaced by Ginger Rogers. After being replaced by Betty Hutton on Annie Get Your Gun (1950), Judy was suspended yet again before making her final film for MGM, entitled Summer Stock (1950). At 28, Judy received her third suspension and was fired by MGM, and her second marriage was soon dissolved.Having taken up with Sidney Luft, Judy traveled to London to star at the legendary Palladium. She was an instant success and after her divorce from Vincente Minnelli was finalized on March 29, 1951 after almost six years of marriage, Judy traveled with Sid to New York to make an appearance on Broadway. With her newfound fame on stage, Judy was stopped in her tracks in February 1952 when she became pregnant by her new lover, Sid. At the age of 30, she made him her third husband on June 8, 1952; the wedding was held at a friend's ranch in Pasadena. Her relationship with her mother had long since been dissolved by this point, and after the birth of her second daughter, Lorna Luft, on November 21, 1952, she refused to allow her mother to see her granddaughter. Ethel then died in January 1953 of a heart attack, leaving Judy devastated and feeling guilty about not reconciling with her mother before her untimely demise.After the funeral, Judy signed a film contract with Warner Bros. to star in the musical remake of A Star Is Born (1937), which had starred Janet Gaynor, who had won the first-ever Academy Award for Best Actress in 1929. Filming soon began, resulting in an affair between Judy and her leading man, British star James Mason. She also picked up on her affair with Frank Sinatra, and after filming was complete Judy was yet again lauded as a great film star. She won a Golden Globe for her brilliant and truly outstanding performance as Esther Blodgett, nightclub singer turned movie star, but when it came to the Academy Awards, a distraught Judy lost out on the Best Actress Oscar to Grace Kelly for her portrayal of the wife of an alcoholic star in The Country Girl (1954). Many still argue that Judy should have won the Oscar over Grace Kelly. Continuing her work on stage, Judy gave birth to her beloved son, Joey Luft, on March 29, 1955. She soon began to lose her millions of dollars as a result of her husband's strong gambling addiction, and with hundreds of debts to pay, Judy and Sid began a volatile, on-off relationship resulting in numerous divorce filings.In 1961, at the age of 39, Judy returned to her ailing film career, this time to star in Judgment at Nuremberg (1961), for which she received an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actress, but this time she lost out to Rita Moreno for her performance in West Side Story (1961). Her battles with alcoholism and drugs led to Judy's making numerous headlines in newspapers, but she soldiered on, forming a close friendship with President John F. Kennedy. In 1963, Judy and Sid finally separated permanently, and on May 19, 1965 their divorce was finalized after almost 13 years of marriage. By this time, Judy, now 41, had made her final performance on film alongside Dirk Bogarde in I Could Go on Singing (1963). She married her fourth husband, Mark Herron, on November 14, 1965 in Las Vegas, but they separated in April 1966 after five months of marriage owing to his homosexuality. It was also that year that she began an affair with young journalist Tom Green. She then settled down in London after their affair ended, and she began dating disk jockey Mickey Deans in December 1968. They became engaged once her divorce from Mark Herron was finalized on January 9, 1969 after three years of marriage. She married Mickey, her fifth and final husband, in a register office in Chelsea, London, England on March 15, 1969.She continued working on stage, appearing several times with her daughter Liza. It was during a concert in Chelsea, London, England that Judy stumbled into her bathroom late one night and died of an overdose of barbiturates, the drug that had dominated her much of her life, on June 22, 1969 at the age of 47. Her daughter Liza Minnelli paid for her funeral, and her former lover James Mason delivered her touching eulogy. She is still an icon to this day with her famous performances in The Wizard of Oz (1939), Meet Me in St. Louis (1944), Easter Parade (1948), and A Star Is Born (1954).
Bio:
One of the brightest, most tragic movie stars of Hollywood's Golden Era, Judy Garland was a much-loved character whose warmth and spirit, along with her rich and exuberant voice, kept theatre-goers entertained with an array of delightful musicals.She was born Frances Ethel Gumm on 10 June 1922 in Minnesota, the youngest daughter of vaudevillians Ethel Marian (Milne) and Francis Avent "Frank" Gumm. She was of English, along with some Scottish and Irish, descent. Her mother, an ambitious woman gifted in playing various musical instruments, saw the potential in her daughter at the tender age of just 2 years old when Baby Frances repeatedly sang "Jingle Bells" until she was dragged from the stage kicking and screaming during one of their Christmas shows and immediately drafted her into a dance act, entitled "The Gumm Sisters," along with her older sisters Mary Jane Gumm and Virginia Gumm. However, knowing that her youngest daughter would eventually become the biggest star, Ethel soon took Frances out of the act and together they traveled across America where she would perform in nightclubs, cabarets, hotels and theaters solo.Her family life was not a happy one, largely because of her mother's drive for her to succeed as a performer and also her father's closeted homosexuality. The Gumm family would regularly be forced to leave town owing to her father's illicit affairs with other men, and from time to time they would be reduced to living out of their automobile. However, in September 1935 the Gumms', in particular Ethel's, prayers were answered when Frances was signed by Louis B. Mayer, mogul of leading film studio MGM, after hearing her sing. It was then that her name was changed from Frances Gumm to Judy Garland, after a popular '30s song "Judy" and film critic Robert Garland.Tragedy soon followed, however, in the form of her father's death of meningitis in November 1935. Having been given no assignments with the exception of singing on radio, Judy faced the threat of losing her job following the arrival of Deanna Durbin. Knowing that they couldn't keep both of the teenage singers, MGM devised a short entitled Every Sunday (1936) which would be the girls' screen test. However, despite being the outright winner and being kept on by MGM, Judy's career did not officially kick off until she sang one of her most famous songs, "You Made Me Love You," at Clark Gable's birthday party in February 1937, during which Louis B. Mayer finally paid attention to the talented songstress.Prior to this her film debut in Pigskin Parade (1936), in which she played a teenage hillbilly, had left her career hanging in the balance. However, following her rendition of "You Made Me Love You," MGM set to work preparing various musicals with which to keep Judy busy. All this had its toll on the young teenager, and she was given numerous pills by the studio doctors in order to combat her tiredness on set. Another problem was her weight fluctuation, but she was soon given amphetamines in order to give her the desired streamlined figure. This soon produced the downward spiral that resulted in her lifelong drug addiction.In 1939, Judy shot immediately to stardom with The Wizard of Oz (1939), in which she portrayed Dorothy, an orphaned girl living on a farm in the dry plains of Kansas who gets whisked off into the magical world of Oz on the other end of the rainbow. Her poignant performance and sweet delivery of her signature song, 'Over The Rainbow,' earned Judy a special juvenile Oscar statuette on 29 February 1940 for Best Performance by a Juvenile Actor. Now growing up, Judy began to yearn for meatier adult roles instead of the virginal characters she had been playing since she was 14. She was now taking an interest in men, and after starring in her final juvenile performance in Ziegfeld Girl (1941) alongside glamorous beauties Lana Turner and Hedy Lamarr, Judy got engaged to bandleader David Rose in May 1941, just two months after his divorce from Martha Raye. Despite planning a big wedding, the couple eloped to Las Vegas and married during the early hours of the morning on July 28, 1941 with just her mother Ethel and her stepfather Will Gilmore present. However, their marriage went downhill as, after discovering that she was pregnant in November 1942, David and MGM persuaded her to abort the baby in order to keep her good-girl image up. She did so and, as a result, was haunted for the rest of her life by her 'inhumane actions.' The couple separated in January 1943.By this time, Judy had starred in her first adult role as a vaudevillian during WWI in For Me and My Gal (1942). Within weeks of separation, Judy was soon having an affair with actor Tyrone Power, who was married to French actress Annabella. Their affair ended in May 1943, which was when her affair with producer Joseph L. Mankiewicz kicked off. He introduced her to psychoanalysis and she soon began to make decisions about her career on her own instead of being influenced by her domineering mother and MGM. Their affair ended in November 1943, and soon afterward Judy reluctantly began filming Meet Me in St. Louis (1944), which proved to be a big success. The director Vincente Minnelli highlighted Judy's beauty for the first time on screen, having made the period musical in color, her first color film since The Wizard of Oz (1939). He showed off her large brandy-brown eyes and her full, thick lips and after filming ended in April 1944, a love affair resulted between director and actress and they were soon living together.Vincente began to mold Judy and her career, making her more beautiful and more popular with audiences worldwide. He directed her in The Clock (1945), and it was during the filming of this movie that the couple announced their engagement on set on January 9, 1945. Judy's divorce from David Rose had been finalized on June 8, 1944 after almost three years of marriage, and despite her brief fling with Orson Welles, who at the time was married to screen sex goddess Rita Hayworth, on June 15, 1945 Judy made Vincente her second husband, tying the knot with him that afternoon at her mother's home with her boss Louis B. Mayer giving her away and her best friend Betty Asher serving as bridesmaid. They spent three months on honeymoon in New York and afterwards Judy discovered that she was pregnant.On March 12, 1946 in Los Angeles, California, Judy gave birth to their daughter, Liza Minnelli, via cesarean section. It was a joyous time for the couple, but Judy was out of commission for weeks due to the cesarean and her postnatal depression, so she spent much of her time recuperating in bed. She soon returned to work, but married life was never the same for Vincente and Judy after they filmed The Pirate (1948) together in 1947. Judy's mental health was fast deteriorating and she began hallucinating things and making false accusations toward people, especially her husband, making the filming a nightmare. She also began an affair with aspiring Russian actor Yul Brynner, but after the affair ended, Judy soon regained health and tried to salvage her failing marriage. She then teamed up with dancing legend Fred Astaire for the delightful musical Easter Parade (1948), which resulted in a successful comeback despite having Vincente fired from directing the musical. Afterwards, Judy's health deteriorated and she began the first of several suicide attempts. In May 1949, she was checked into a rehabilitation center, which caused her much distress.She soon regained strength and was visited frequently by her lover Frank Sinatra, but never saw much of Vincente or Liza. On returning, Judy made In the Good Old Summertime (1949), which was also Liza's film debut, albeit via an uncredited cameo. She had already been suspended by MGM for her lack of cooperation on the set of The Barkleys of Broadway (1949), which also resulted in her getting replaced by Ginger Rogers. After being replaced by Betty Hutton on Annie Get Your Gun (1950), Judy was suspended yet again before making her final film for MGM, entitled Summer Stock (1950). At 28, Judy received her third suspension and was fired by MGM, and her second marriage was soon dissolved.Having taken up with Sidney Luft, Judy traveled to London to star at the legendary Palladium. She was an instant success and after her divorce from Vincente Minnelli was finalized on March 29, 1951 after almost six years of marriage, Judy traveled with Sid to New York to make an appearance on Broadway. With her newfound fame on stage, Judy was stopped in her tracks in February 1952 when she became pregnant by her new lover, Sid. At the age of 30, she made him her third husband on June 8, 1952; the wedding was held at a friend's ranch in Pasadena. Her relationship with her mother had long since been dissolved by this point, and after the birth of her second daughter, Lorna Luft, on November 21, 1952, she refused to allow her mother to see her granddaughter. Ethel then died in January 1953 of a heart attack, leaving Judy devastated and feeling guilty about not reconciling with her mother before her untimely demise.After the funeral, Judy signed a film contract with Warner Bros. to star in the musical remake of A Star Is Born (1937), which had starred Janet Gaynor, who had won the first-ever Academy Award for Best Actress in 1929. Filming soon began, resulting in an affair between Judy and her leading man, British star James Mason. She also picked up on her affair with Frank Sinatra, and after filming was complete Judy was yet again lauded as a great film star. She won a Golden Globe for her brilliant and truly outstanding performance as Esther Blodgett, nightclub singer turned movie star, but when it came to the Academy Awards, a distraught Judy lost out on the Best Actress Oscar to Grace Kelly for her portrayal of the wife of an alcoholic star in The Country Girl (1954). Many still argue that Judy should have won the Oscar over Grace Kelly. Continuing her work on stage, Judy gave birth to her beloved son, Joey Luft, on March 29, 1955. She soon began to lose her millions of dollars as a result of her husband's strong gambling addiction, and with hundreds of debts to pay, Judy and Sid began a volatile, on-off relationship resulting in numerous divorce filings.In 1961, at the age of 39, Judy returned to her ailing film career, this time to star in Judgment at Nuremberg (1961), for which she received an Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actress, but this time she lost out to Rita Moreno for her performance in West Side Story (1961). Her battles with alcoholism and drugs led to Judy's making numerous headlines in newspapers, but she soldiered on, forming a close friendship with President John F. Kennedy. In 1963, Judy and Sid finally separated permanently, and on May 19, 1965 their divorce was finalized after almost 13 years of marriage. By this time, Judy, now 41, had made her final performance on film alongside Dirk Bogarde in I Could Go on Singing (1963). She married her fourth husband, Mark Herron, on November 14, 1965 in Las Vegas, but they separated in April 1966 after five months of marriage owing to his homosexuality. It was also that year that she began an affair with young journalist Tom Green. She then settled down in London after their affair ended, and she began dating disk jockey Mickey Deans in December 1968. They became engaged once her divorce from Mark Herron was finalized on January 9, 1969 after three years of marriage. She married Mickey, her fifth and final husband, in a register office in Chelsea, London, England on March 15, 1969.She continued working on stage, appearing several times with her daughter Liza. It was during a concert in Chelsea, London, England that Judy stumbled into her bathroom late one night and died of an overdose of barbiturates, the drug that had dominated her much of her life, on June 22, 1969 at the age of 47. Her daughter Liza Minnelli paid for her funeral, and her former lover James Mason delivered her touching eulogy. She is still an icon to this day with her famous performances in The Wizard of Oz (1939), Meet Me in St. Louis (1944), Easter Parade (1948), and A Star Is Born (1954).
Tivia:
According to her biography on the A&E channel, as a young adult in her early acting career producers had her going to six different doctors for prescription drugs, without any one doctor knowing about the other five. It was this process that led to her addiction.A close friend was Katharine Hepburn, with whom she would regularly stay during her most serious bouts of depression in order to recover.According to Mel Torm��, she had a powerful gift of retention. She could view a piece of music once and have the entire thing memorized.Always had crooked front teeth, for which an MGM dentist fitted her with removable caps to wear in her films, including The Wizard of Oz (1939).The day she died, there was a tornado in Kansas.Her soulful and iconic performance of "Over The Rainbow" from The Wizard of Oz (1939) claimed the #1 spot on June 22, 2004, in The American Film Institute's list of "The 100 Years of The Greatest Songs". The AFI board said, "'Over The Rainbow [. . . ] captured the nation's heart, echoed beyond the walls of a movie theater, and ultimately stands in our collective memory of the film itself. It has resonated across the century, enriching America's film heritage and captivating artists and audiences today".Garland's death was attributed to an "incautious self-overdosage of Seconal." Her funeral was held in Manhattan on June 27, 1969, at the Frank E. Campbell funeral home at Madison Ave. and 81st St. Over 22,000 people filed past her open coffin in 24 hours. Afterward, her body was stored in a temporary crypt for more than a year because no one had paid to move her body to a permanent resting spot. Liza Minnelli was reportedly under the impression that Mickey Deans had made the necessary arrangements, but Deans claimed to have no money. Liza took on the task of raising the funds to have her mother properly buried at Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York.Had 3 children: daughter, Liza Minnelli (b. March 12, 1946) with 2nd ex-husband, Vincente Minnelli and daughter, Lorna Luft (b. November 21, 1952) & son, Joey Luft (b. March 29, 1955) with 3rd ex-husband, Sidney Luft.Liza Minnelli originally wanted Mickey Rooney to deliver Garland's eulogy, but she was afraid that he wouldn't be able to get through it. So James Mason did it instead.Garland discouraged her children from entering show business, pointing out her financial and health problems. Nevertheless, Liza Minnelli and Lorna Luft became entertainers. Joey Luft lives in relative anonymity as a freelance photographer.In September 2002, a federal judge in Los Angeles barred Sidney Luft from selling Garland's replacement Juvenile Oscar, which she had received for The Wizard of Oz (1939). Luft was also ordered to pay the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences nearly $60,000 to settle its second lawsuit against him for repeatedly trying to sell the statuette.In January 2017, her body was removed from the mausoleum at Ferncliff Cemetery in New York and sent to Los Angeles, where she was placed in a private family crypt at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery. Garland's children bought a large family crypt to ensure they would be laid to rest with their mother; there was no room for that at Ferncliff. She was laid to rest in the same cemetery as her childhood friend and co-star Mickey Rooney.She initially refused to appear in Meet Me in St. Louis (1944) because was tired of playing virginal teenage characters. She later relented after much persuasion. She met Vincente Minnelli on set, and her performance was also one of her most famous during her MGM years.Gave birth to all three of her children via Caesarean section. She also suffered from postpartum depression after the birth of her daughters Liza Minnelli and Lorna Luft.Has a special variety of rose named after her. The petals are yellow (Garland adored yellow roses) and the tips are bright red. It took devoted fans almost nine years after her death to find a rose company in Britain interested in naming a rose officially for her, and the Judy Garland rose didn't appear in the US until 1991. Several JG rose bushes are planted outside of her burial crypt, and at the Judy Garland museum in Grand Rapids.Did not attend the 1955 Academy Awards, where she was nominated as Best Actress for her portrayal of Vicki Lester in A Star Is Born (1954), because she was in hospital after giving birth to her third child and only son Joey Luft.She only performed "Over The Rainbow" three times during her many television appearances, which spanned 14 years. She performed it on her first TV Special, Ford Star Jubilee (1955) episode, "The Judy Garland Special" in 1955, sang it to her children on The Christmas Edition of her weekly The Judy Garland Show (1963), and on Episode #7.240 (1968).Did not get on with Lucille Bremer, who played her sister in Meet Me in St. Louis (1944). She thought that Bremer couldn't act and repeatedly tried to have her fired from the film, but to no avail.Groucho Marx said that her not winning an Oscar for A Star Is Born (1954) was "the biggest robbery since Brink's." Hedda Hopper later reported that her loss to Grace Kelly for The Country Girl (1954) was the result of the closest Oscar vote up to that time that didn't end in a tie, with just six votes separating the two. In any event, it was a heartbreak from which she never really recovered and which has remained a matter of some controversy ever since.Won five Grammys over her career.Her performance as Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz (1939) is ranked #17 on Premiere Magazine's 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time.On 3/23/90 she was pictured on one of four 25�� US commemorative postage stamps honoring classic films released in 1939. The stamp shows Judy Garland as Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz (1939), along with Toto (portrayed by Terry). The other films honored were Beau Geste (1939), Stagecoach (1939), and Gone with the Wind (1939).Despite numerous concert and television appearances in the 1960s, she remained constantly in debt. Her then-manager David Begelman embezzling hundreds of thousands of dollars from Garland and his other clients. Begelman even claimed a Cadillac presented to Garland for an appearance on The Jack Paar Program (1962) as his own.Was considered for the role of Careen O'Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939), but it was eventually given to Ann Rutherford, so Judy immediately began working on The Wizard of Oz (1939), a film for which she was considered as early as 1937.First cousin three times removed of US President Ulysses S. Grant.Was pregnant with her first child Liza Minnelli while filming her minor role in Till the Clouds Roll By (1946). In order to hide her pregnant stomach she was hidden behind stacks of dishes while singing "Look For The Silver Lining". She had also recorded a song, "Do You Love Me", which was cut before release. Her scenes were directed by her then-husband Vincente Minnelli.The famous theme song David Raksin wrote for Laura (1944) was originally entitled "Judy" in honor of her.Her daughter Liza Minnelli's godparents were Ira Gershwin and Kay Thompson. Her daughter Lorna Luft's godfather was Frank Sinatra.One of the few actresses to have danced with both Fred Astaire and Gene Kelly in the movies, other actresses that have also done this includes Rita Hayworth, Cyd Charisse, Vera-Ellen, Debbie Reynolds, and Leslie Caron.In 1997, Garland was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. In 1998, her 1961 album "Judy at Carnegie Hall" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.She headlined The Judy Garland Special (1955), CBS' first special. She performed many of her standards, including "Get Happy", "Carolina in the Morning," and "The Trolley Song." She and guest David Wayne performed "A Couple of Swells" from Easter Parade (1948) as tramps, with Wayne performing Fred Astaire's part. She closed the show with "Over The Rainbow," still in tramp make-up.She originally screen-tested and signed to play Helen Lawson in Valley of the Dolls (1967). The studio even provided a pool table in her dressing room at her request. Eventually, she backed out of the film and was replaced by Susan Hayward. She kept her costume, a sequined pantsuit, and wore it while performing in concerts around the world. The character of Neely O'Hara in the film was partially based on her own history with pills, alcohol, and failed marriages. Sadly, Garland's real-life pill addiction contributed to her leaving the film.She experienced financial difficulties in the 1960s due to overspending, periods of unemployment, and her business manager embezzling funds. The IRS garnished most of her concert revenues in the late 1960s. Her financial difficulties combined with her erratic behavior due to her drug addiction helped break up her marriages and estrange her children from her a year before her death.Her portrayal of Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz (1939) was the inspiration for the character of Mary Ann on Gilligan's Island (1964).Was replaced by Ginger Rogers in the film The Barkleys of Broadway (1949) after being suspended from MGM for her tardiness.Offered the lead role in The Three Faces of Eve (1957), but turned down the role because the storyline bore too many resemblances to her own personal life. The role was then given to Joanne Woodward who went on to win the Best Actress Oscar for her performance.Her favorite actor was Robert Donat, best known for his portrayal of the title character in Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939).Was named #8 Actress on The AFI 50 Greatest Screen LegendsReturned to work 11 months after giving birth to daughter Lorna Luft in order to film A Star Is Born (1954).She heard the same phrase in two movies: For Me and My Gal (1942) and Easter Parade (1948). In both, her love interest (played by Gene Kelly and Fred Astaire, respectively) says, "Why didn't you tell me I was in love with you?".When she married Vincente Minnelli, Louis B. Mayer gave her away.Had weight problems most of her life. Drastic weight fluctuations often affected continuity in her films and can be seen in Words and Music (1948) and Summer Stock (1950).Despite popular belief that Shirley Temple was the first choice for the role of Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz (1939), Garland was cast in the role even before pre-production had begun. As early as February 1938 both "Variety" and columnist Louella Parsons announced that she was cast in the role of Dorothy.According to daughter Lorna Luft, Garland had made 39 films, appeared on over 500 radio shows and about 57 concerts by the time she was 37.She married Mark Herron on June 12, 1964, though her divorce from Sidney Luft was not settled. They were married in Mandarin by a Buddhist monk, and the legality of the marriage is not clear.She replaced June Allyson in Royal Wedding (1951) after she became pregnant. When she failed to show up on set, Jane Powell replaced her.In 2006 her performance as Vicki Lester in A Star Is Born (1954) was ranked #72 on Premiere Magazine's 100 Greatest Performances of All Time.There is surviving footage of Garland performing the lead role of Annie Oakley in Annie Get Your Gun (1950) before she was replaced by Betty Hutton, and this has been included in many documentaries. Undoubtedly, the best is That's Entertainment! III (1994), which for the first time assembled raw unedited footage for two musical numbers and presented them as they would have looked had the film been completed with Garland. Also surviving today are Garland's prerecordings of all songs for the production.She performed with her sisters at the 1933-34 World's Fair in Chicago, in the Old Mexico Club on the infamous midway, where Sally Rand was the main attraction. They sold out every night. The club closed unexpectedly during their third week when their liquor license expired. She also served as the grand marshal in a parade for the Fair's "Children's Day" in early 1934. Frances Gumm changed her name to Judy Garland during a performance at the Oriental Theater on their last day in Chicago, partly at the advice of George Jessel, who was emcee.Attendees at Garland's funeral and memorial service on June 27, 1969, included: her children Liza Minnelli, Lorna Luft, and Joey Luft, ex-husbands Sidney Luft and Mickey Deans (Vincente Minnelli was in London shooting On a Clear Day You Can See Forever (1970)), sister Virginia Gumm, Kay Thompson, Roger Edens, Johnny Mercer, Harold Arlen, Arthur Freed, Mickey Rooney, Frank Sinatra, Lena Horne, Dean Martin, Ray Bolger, Lauren Bacall, Katharine Hepburn, Bette Davis, Peggy Lee, Lana Turner, Gene Kelly, Ann Sothern, June Allyson, Fred Astaire, Burt Lancaster, Betty Comden, Adolph Green Otto Preminger, John Kander, Fred Ebb, Sammy Davis Jr., Jack Benny, Ethel Merman, Freddie Bartholomew, Myrna Loy, Ann Rutherford, Martha Raye, and Paula Wayne. James Mason delivered the eulogy. More than 20,000 spectators filed by Garland's casket. |
| Name: |
Judy Garland |
Type: |
Actress,Soundtrack (IMDB) |
| Area: |
All World |
Platform: |
IMDB |
| Category: |
|
Business scope: |
Actress,Soundtrack |
| Products for sale: |
Actress,Soundtrack |
| Model rank: |
279 |
| Last update: |
2024-07-01 03:42:12 |
| Height: |
5' (1.52 m) |
| Biography: |
One of the brightest, most tragic movie stars of Hollywood\'s Golden Era, Judy Garland was a much-loved character whose warmth and spirit, along with her rich and exuberant voice, kept theatre-goers entertained with an array of delightful musicals.Sh |
| Trivia: |
According to her biography on the A&E channel, as a young adult in her early acting career producers had her going to six different doctors for prescription drugs, without any one doctor knowing about the other five. It was this process that led to her addiction.A close friend was Katharine Hepburn, with whom she would regularly stay during her most serious bouts of depression in order to recover.According to Mel Torm��, she had a powerful gift of retention. She could view a piece of music once and have the entire thing memorized.Always had crooked front teeth, for which an MGM dentist fitted her with removable caps to wear in her films, including The Wizard of Oz (1939).The day she died, there was a tornado in Kansas.Her soulful and iconic performance of "Over The Rainbow" from The Wizard of Oz (1939) claimed the #1 spot on June 22, 2004, in The American Film Institute's list of "The 100 Years of The Greatest Songs". The AFI board said, "'Over The Rainbow [. . . ] captured the nation's heart, echoed beyond the walls of a movie theater, and ultimately stands in our collective memory of the film itself. It has resonated across the century, enriching America's film heritage and captivating artists and audiences today".Garland's death was attributed to an "incautious self-overdosage of Seconal." Her funeral was held in Manhattan on June 27, 1969, at the Frank E. Campbell funeral home at Madison Ave. and 81st St. Over 22,000 people filed past her open coffin in 24 hours. Afterward, her body was stored in a temporary crypt for more than a year because no one had paid to move her body to a permanent resting spot. Liza Minnelli was reportedly under the impression that Mickey Deans had made the necessary arrangements, but Deans claimed to have no money. Liza took on the task of raising the funds to have her mother properly buried at Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York.Had 3 children: daughter, Liza Minnelli (b. March 12, 1946) with 2nd ex-husband, Vincente Minnelli and daughter, Lorna Luft (b. November 21, 1952) & son, Joey Luft (b. March 29, 1955) with 3rd ex-husband, Sidney Luft.Liza Minnelli originally wanted Mickey Rooney to deliver Garland's eulogy, but she was afraid that he wouldn't be able to get through it. So James Mason did it instead.Garland discouraged her children from entering show business, pointing out her financial and health problems. Nevertheless, Liza Minnelli and Lorna Luft became entertainers. Joey Luft lives in relative anonymity as a freelance photographer.In September 2002, a federal judge in Los Angeles barred Sidney Luft from selling Garland's replacement Juvenile Oscar, which she had received for The Wizard of Oz (1939). Luft was also ordered to pay the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences nearly $60,000 to settle its second lawsuit against him for repeatedly trying to sell the statuette.In January 2017, her body was removed from the mausoleum at Ferncliff Cemetery in New York and sent to Los Angeles, where she was placed in a private family crypt at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery. Garland's children bought a large family crypt to ensure they would be laid to rest with their mother; there was no room for that at Ferncliff. She was laid to rest in the same cemetery as her childhood friend and co-star Mickey Rooney.She initially refused to appear in Meet Me in St. Louis (1944) because was tired of playing virginal teenage characters. She later relented after much persuasion. She met Vincente Minnelli on set, and her performance was also one of her most famous during her MGM years.Gave birth to all three of her children via Caesarean section. She also suffered from postpartum depression after the birth of her daughters Liza Minnelli and Lorna Luft.Has a special variety of rose named after her. The petals are yellow (Garland adored yellow roses) and the tips are bright red. It took devoted fans almost nine years after her death to find a rose company in Britain interested in naming a rose officially for her, and the Judy Garland rose didn't appear in the US until 1991. Several JG rose bushes are planted outside of her burial crypt, and at the Judy Garland museum in Grand Rapids.Did not attend the 1955 Academy Awards, where she was nominated as Best Actress for her portrayal of Vicki Lester in A Star Is Born (1954), because she was in hospital after giving birth to her third child and only son Joey Luft.She only performed "Over The Rainbow" three times during her many television appearances, which spanned 14 years. She performed it on her first TV Special, Ford Star Jubilee (1955) episode, "The Judy Garland Special" in 1955, sang it to her children on The Christmas Edition of her weekly The Judy Garland Show (1963), and on Episode #7.240 (1968).Did not get on with Lucille Bremer, who played her sister in Meet Me in St. Louis (1944). She thought that Bremer couldn't act and repeatedly tried to have her fired from the film, but to no avail.Groucho Marx said that her not winning an Oscar for A Star Is Born (1954) was "the biggest robbery since Brink's." Hedda Hopper later reported that her loss to Grace Kelly for The Country Girl (1954) was the result of the closest Oscar vote up to that time that didn't end in a tie, with just six votes separating the two. In any event, it was a heartbreak from which she never really recovered and which has remained a matter of some controversy ever since.Won five Grammys over her career.Her performance as Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz (1939) is ranked #17 on Premiere Magazine's 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time.On 3/23/90 she was pictured on one of four 25�� US commemorative postage stamps honoring classic films released in 1939. The stamp shows Judy Garland as Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz (1939), along with Toto (portrayed by Terry). The other films honored were Beau Geste (1939), Stagecoach (1939), and Gone with the Wind (1939).Despite numerous concert and television appearances in the 1960s, she remained constantly in debt. Her then-manager David Begelman embezzling hundreds of thousands of dollars from Garland and his other clients. Begelman even claimed a Cadillac presented to Garland for an appearance on The Jack Paar Program (1962) as his own.Was considered for the role of Careen O'Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939), but it was eventually given to Ann Rutherford, so Judy immediately began working on The Wizard of Oz (1939), a film for which she was considered as early as 1937.First cousin three times removed of US President Ulysses S. Grant.Was pregnant with her first child Liza Minnelli while filming her minor role in Till the Clouds Roll By (1946). In order to hide her pregnant stomach she was hidden behind stacks of dishes while singing "Look For The Silver Lining". She had also recorded a song, "Do You Love Me", which was cut before release. Her scenes were directed by her then-husband Vincente Minnelli.The famous theme song David Raksin wrote for Laura (1944) was originally entitled "Judy" in honor of her.Her daughter Liza Minnelli's godparents were Ira Gershwin and Kay Thompson. Her daughter Lorna Luft's godfather was Frank Sinatra.One of the few actresses to have danced with both Fred Astaire and Gene Kelly in the movies, other actresses that have also done this includes Rita Hayworth, Cyd Charisse, Vera-Ellen, Debbie Reynolds, and Leslie Caron.In 1997, Garland was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. In 1998, her 1961 album "Judy at Carnegie Hall" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.She headlined The Judy Garland Special (1955), CBS' first special. She performed many of her standards, including "Get Happy", "Carolina in the Morning," and "The Trolley Song." She and guest David Wayne performed "A Couple of Swells" from Easter Parade (1948) as tramps, with Wayne performing Fred Astaire's part. She closed the show with "Over The Rainbow," still in tramp make-up.She originally screen-tested and signed to play Helen Lawson in Valley of the Dolls (1967). The studio even provided a pool table in her dressing room at her request. Eventually, she backed out of the film and was replaced by Susan Hayward. She kept her costume, a sequined pantsuit, and wore it while performing in concerts around the world. The character of Neely O'Hara in the film was partially based on her own history with pills, alcohol, and failed marriages. Sadly, Garland's real-life pill addiction contributed to her leaving the film.She experienced financial difficulties in the 1960s due to overspending, periods of unemployment, and her business manager embezzling funds. The IRS garnished most of her concert revenues in the late 1960s. Her financial difficulties combined with her erratic behavior due to her drug addiction helped break up her marriages and estrange her children from her a year before her death.Her portrayal of Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz (1939) was the inspiration for the character of Mary Ann on Gilligan's Island (1964).Was replaced by Ginger Rogers in the film The Barkleys of Broadway (1949) after being suspended from MGM for her tardiness.Offered the lead role in The Three Faces of Eve (1957), but turned down the role because the storyline bore too many resemblances to her own personal life. The role was then given to Joanne Woodward who went on to win the Best Actress Oscar for her performance.Her favorite actor was Robert Donat, best known for his portrayal of the title character in Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939).Was named #8 Actress on The AFI 50 Greatest Screen LegendsReturned to work 11 months after giving birth to daughter Lorna Luft in order to film A Star Is Born (1954).She heard the same phrase in two movies: For Me and My Gal (1942) and Easter Parade (1948). In both, her love interest (played by Gene Kelly and Fred Astaire, respectively) says, "Why didn't you tell me I was in love with you?".When she married Vincente Minnelli, Louis B. Mayer gave her away.Had weight problems most of her life. Drastic weight fluctuations often affected continuity in her films and can be seen in Words and Music (1948) and Summer Stock (1950).Despite popular belief that Shirley Temple was the first choice for the role of Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz (1939), Garland was cast in the role even before pre-production had begun. As early as February 1938 both "Variety" and columnist Louella Parsons announced that she was cast in the role of Dorothy.According to daughter Lorna Luft, Garland had made 39 films, appeared on over 500 radio shows and about 57 concerts by the time she was 37.She married Mark Herron on June 12, 1964, though her divorce from Sidney Luft was not settled. They were married in Mandarin by a Buddhist monk, and the legality of the marriage is not clear.She replaced June Allyson in Royal Wedding (1951) after she became pregnant. When she failed to show up on set, Jane Powell replaced her.In 2006 her performance as Vicki Lester in A Star Is Born (1954) was ranked #72 on Premiere Magazine's 100 Greatest Performances of All Time.There is surviving footage of Garland performing the lead role of Annie Oakley in Annie Get Your Gun (1950) before she was replaced by Betty Hutton, and this has been included in many documentaries. Undoubtedly, the best is That's Entertainment! III (1994), which for the first time assembled raw unedited footage for two musical numbers and presented them as they would have looked had the film been completed with Garland. Also surviving today are Garland's prerecordings of all songs for the production.She performed with her sisters at the 1933-34 World's Fair in Chicago, in the Old Mexico Club on the infamous midway, where Sally Rand was the main attraction. They sold out every night. The club closed unexpectedly during their third week when their liquor license expired. She also served as the grand marshal in a parade for the Fair's "Children's Day" in early 1934. Frances Gumm changed her name to Judy Garland during a performance at the Oriental Theater on their last day in Chicago, partly at the advice of George Jessel, who was emcee.Attendees at Garland's funeral and memorial service on June 27, 1969, included: her children Liza Minnelli, Lorna Luft, and Joey Luft, ex-husbands Sidney Luft and Mickey Deans (Vincente Minnelli was in London shooting On a Clear Day You Can See Forever (1970)), sister Virginia Gumm, Kay Thompson, Roger Edens, Johnny Mercer, Harold Arlen, Arthur Freed, Mickey Rooney, Frank Sinatra, Lena Horne, Dean Martin, Ray Bolger, Lauren Bacall, Katharine Hepburn, Bette Davis, Peggy Lee, Lana Turner, Gene Kelly, Ann Sothern, June Allyson, Fred Astaire, Burt Lancaster, Betty Comden, Adolph Green Otto Preminger, John Kander, Fred Ebb, Sammy Davis Jr., Jack Benny, Ethel Merman, Freddie Bartholomew, Myrna Loy, Ann Rutherford, Martha Raye, and Paula Wayne. James Mason delivered the eulogy. More than 20,000 spectators filed by Garland's casket. |
| Trademarks: |
Her iconic role as Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz (1939)
Her small, delicate physical presence
Deep sultry voice
Big, expressive eyes
Powerful wide-ranged vocals |
| Quotes: |
[when told by a reporter that she had a large gay following] I couldn't care less. I sing to people!
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<hr>
How strange when an illusion dies. It's as though you've lost a child.
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<hr>
Well, we have a whole new year ahead of us. And wouldn't it be wonderful if we could all be a little more gentle with each other, and a little more loving, have a little more empathy, and maybe - next year at this time - we'd like each other a little more.
<br />
<hr>
[MGM] had us working days and nights on end. They'd give us pep-up pills to keep us on our feet long after we were exhausted. Then they'd take us to the studio hospital and knock us cold with sleeping pills . . . Then after four hours they'd wake us up and give us the pep-up pills again so we could work another 72 hours in a row. I started to feel like a wind-up toy from FAO Schwarz.
<br />
<hr>
Hollywood is a strange place if you're in trouble. Everybody thinks it's contagious. |
| Salaries: |
Valley of the Dolls (1967) - $75,000 (settled for $37,500 due to dismissal)
<br />
<hr>
The Judy Garland Show (1963) - $30,000 /week
<br />
<hr>
I Could Go on Singing (1963) - $200,000 + 10% of the profits
<br />
<hr>
G |
| Job title: |
Actress,Soundtrack |
| Others works: |
(1961) Album: "Judy Garland at Carnegie Hall" (Capitol Records). NOTE: Won five Grammys.
(10/28/40) Radio: Appeared on a "Lux Radio Theatre" broadcast of "Strike Up the Band".
(1939) Single: "Over the Rainbow" [fr |
| Spouse: |
Mickey Deans (March 15, 1969 - June 22, 1969) (her death)Mark Herron (November 14, 1965 - January 9, 1969) (divorced)Sidney Luft (June 8, 1952 - May 19, 1965) (divorced, 2 children)Vincente Minnelli (Ju |
| Children: |
Liza MinnelliLorna LuftJoey Luft |
| Parents: |
Ethel Marion Gumm (Milne)
Francis Avent Gumm |
| Relatives: |
Mary Jane Gumm (Sibling)
Virginia Gumm (Sibling) |
|
